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Periodically throughout computer history there emerges a "pinch point," a single moment where many prior technologies converge, and upon which many subsequent technologies depend.
Herman Hollerith's 1890 census tabulator is one well-known instance.
Another, somewhat lesser-known, is Ivan Sutherland's "Sketchpad," developed at MIT in the early 1960s, running on the transistor-based TX-2 computer.
Nearly all interactive graphics applications today can trace their roots back to this pivotal demonstration.
It's considered the first graphical user interface (GUI) at a time when computer graphics of ANY sort were virtually unheard of, let alone the notion that computers could be applied to both artistic and technical purposes.